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United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a federation of seven states located on the eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula. These emirates are Abū Ẓaby (Abu Dhabi), Dubayy (Dubai), ʿAjman, Al-Shāriqah (Sharjah), Umm al-Qaywayn, Raʾs al-Khaymah, and Al-Fujayrah. With an area of 27,423 square miles and a population of 9,264,000 (2023 estimate), the UAE borders the Gulf of Oman and is home to some of the world's largest petroleum and natural gas reserves. The capital of the UAE is Abu Dhabi and the official language is Arabic. Islam is the official religion, although there is also a sizable Christian and Hindu population.

The climate in the UAE is generally hot and humid all year round, with temperatures ranging from 73°F to 107°F. Rainfall is scarce, but there is occasional flooding along the coast. The terrain is mostly desert plain, broken up by the Ḥajar Mountains that line the Musandam Peninsula. There are three natural deepwater harbours located off the Gulf of Oman.

The economy of the UAE is heavily reliant on its vast oil and natural gas reserves, which account for roughly one-tenth of the world’s total. In addition to this, fishing, livestock herding, and date production are important economic activities. The head of state is the president and the head of government is the prime minister. The currency is the dirham, with an exchange rate of 1 USD to 3.673 Emirati dirhams.

The indigenous inhabitants of the UAE are Arabs, but there are also a large number of South Asian and Iranian migrant workers. The literacy rate is high at 97% for females and 98% for males, and life expectancy is 77.7 years for males and 80.4 years for females (2019). The GDP per capita is 43,470 US dollars (2019).